Coral Reefs: The Rainforests of the Ocean

Often called the “rainforests of the sea,” coral reefs are among the most diverse and vital ecosystems on the planet. Despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor, they support around 25% of all marine life. From the vibrant clownfish weaving through anemones to the stealthy reef sharks cruising overhead, these underwater cities are teeming with life. Coral itself is a living organism—tiny animals called polyps that build hard, limestone skeletons over centuries, forming the structures we see today.

Coral reefs play a critical role in maintaining the health of the oceans and the wellbeing of coastal communities. They act as natural barriers, absorbing wave energy and protecting shorelines from erosion and storm surges. Additionally, they contribute billions of dollars annually to the global economy through tourism, fishing, and medicine. Yet, these fragile habitats are under increasing threat from climate change, pollution, overfishing, and destructive coastal development. Bleaching events—caused by rising sea temperatures—can devastate entire reef systems in a matter of weeks.

Protecting coral reefs isn’t just a marine biologist’s job—it’s a shared responsibility. Reducing carbon emissions, using reef-safe sunscreen, supporting sustainable seafood, and advocating for marine protected areas are all steps individuals can take. Education is also key: the more we understand about coral reefs, the more motivated we are to defend them. These incredible ecosystems have existed for millions of years. With global effort and local action, we can help ensure they survive for generations to come.